Valvular Heart Disease
The largest content bucket on the ASCeXAM. Stenosis and regurgitation severity grading for all four native valves plus prosthetic valves — using 2D, M-mode, colour Doppler, and spectral Doppler quantification.
Subtopics Placeholder structure — content lead to expand
Aortic Valve →AS severity (peak/mean gradient, AVA), AR severity (PHT, vena contracta). Stub
Mitral Valve →MS (planimetry, PHT, MVA), MR (vena contracta, ERO/PISA, regurgitant volume). Stub
Tricuspid Valve →TR severity, RV pressure estimation, secondary causes. Stub
Pulmonic Valve →PS gradients, PR PHT, congenital associations. Stub
Prosthetic Valves →Mechanical vs bioprosthetic, normal vs pathologic gradients, paravalvular leak. Stub
Study this domain Pick a loop
MCQ Bank
NBE-style multiple choice with rationale and reference for every answer.
Flashcards
High-yield facts: gradients, normal ranges, equation forms, threshold values.
Echo Cases
Cine loops with clinical stem. Identify the finding, then reveal diagnosis & teaching.
Domain Mock
Valvular-only timed mock — calibrate your pace within this content area.
Why this matters From the project brief
Placeholder — the content lead will replace this with a domain-specific framing that explains why this section rewards (or punishes) the typical ASCeXAM candidate.